Understanding Rheumatoid Arthritis: Key Symptoms, Root Causes & the Latest Treatment Options
With Insights from Dr. Tanmoy Karmakar, Leading Orthopedic Surgeon in Kolkata
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Unlike osteoarthritis, which is caused by wear and tear of the joints, RA occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy joint tissues, causing inflammation, pain, and potential joint damage.
According to Dr. Tanmoy Karmakar, a trusted orthopedic surgeon in Kolkata, early diagnosis and treatment of RA can prevent long-term complications and improve quality of life.
What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease where the immune system targets the synovium—the lining of joints. This leads to swelling, pain, and over time, joint deformity and reduced function. RA often affects smaller joints first (such as fingers and toes) and may later involve larger joints like knees, hips, and shoulders.
Key Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis
As explained by Dr. Karmakar, symptoms can vary from person to person, but the most common signs include:
- Persistent joint pain and swelling
- Morning stiffness lasting over 30 minutes
- Warmth and redness around joints
- Fatigue, weight loss, and low-grade fever
- Symmetrical joint involvement (e.g., both wrists or knees)
If left untreated, RA can lead to permanent joint deformity and disability.
What Causes Rheumatoid Arthritis?
While the exact cause is unknown, several risk factors have been identified:
- Genetics: A family history of RA can increase risk.
- Autoimmune dysfunction: The immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues.
- Hormones: Women are more likely to develop RA, possibly due to hormonal influence.
- Environmental triggers: Smoking, infections, or exposure to certain toxins can contribute.
Dr. Karmakar emphasizes that understanding these triggers helps in early detection and better management.
Modern Treatment Options for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Dr. Tanmoy Karmakar uses a personalized, multidisciplinary approach to managing RA. Treatment options include:
1. Medications
- NSAIDs to reduce inflammation and pain
- DMARDs (like Methotrexate) to slow disease progression
- Biologics and JAK inhibitors to target specific immune responses
2. Physical Therapy
Tailored exercise routines can help maintain joint flexibility and reduce stiffness.
3. Lifestyle Management
- Quitting smoking
- Following an anti-inflammatory diet
- Gentle, low-impact exercises like walking or swimming
- Adequate rest and stress reduction
4. Surgical Intervention
In advanced cases, joint replacement surgery or corrective procedures may be needed. Dr. Karmakar has extensive experience in joint replacement for RA patients to help restore mobility and quality of life.
Why Choose Dr. Tanmoy Karmakar for RA Care in Kolkata?
Dr. Tanmoy Karmakar is a reputed orthopedic surgeon specializing in arthritis management, joint preservation, and joint replacement surgeries. With a patient-focused approach and updated treatment protocols, he offers comprehensive care for individuals suffering from RA and other joint disorders.
Conclusion
Rheumatoid arthritis is a serious but manageable condition. With early diagnosis and expert care from specialists like Dr. Tanmoy Karmakar, patients can enjoy a better quality of life, free from constant pain and disability. If you or a loved one is experiencing signs of RA, don’t delay—consult an expert today.